Hohokam anasazi and pueblos5/18/2023 “Anasazi,” the word for prehistoric Four Corners inhabitants that today adorns everything from a sign shop in Moab to a Colorado motel to a New Mexico beauty pageant, appears to have joined the ranks of the politically incorrect. Is `Anasazi’ Now Politically Incorrect? - Hopi People, Others Are Bothered By Term Entrance to the walled villages was by ladder or a single portal. Located between Phoenix and Tucson, the multi-storied Casa Grande was built by the Hohokam. Some of the new villages were massive multi-storied houses with walls more than six-feet thick at the base. The new Hohokam villages were solid clay walls reinforced with posts. In the twelfth century, the Hohokam built concentrated settlements, some a half-mile square in area. Corn, beans, and squash become so important in Indian cultures they were known as… The Three Sisters. The corn provided a stalk for the beans and squash provided ground cover to reduce water evaporation.Īnasazi migrants from the Colorado Plateau and the influence from Mesoamerican cultures characterized the final period of Hohokam history. and one hundred A.D., the Southwest Indians turned toward agriculture to supplement their food source. During the late Archaic period, corn and then beans and squash from Mesoamerica provided the means for a semi-settled village lifestyle. The Anasazi, Mogollon, Sinagua, and Hohokam Indians did not range over the vast distances covered by the earlier Archaic Indian big game hunters of the late Pleistocene period. The Southwest Indians traded turquoise to Mesoamerican Indians, primarily the Toltec, for parrot feathers, copper bells, maize (corn), beans, squash, and cotton as is shown in the Wolfman Panel (Taylor). To varying degrees, the Anasazi, Hohokam, Sinagua, and Mogollon were influenced by Indians of central Mexico, especially the Toltec. Except dogs and turkeys, these prehistoric tribes did not have domesticated animals, a system of writing, or the wheel. The prehistoric Southwest Indians exhibited cultural similarities, but had distinct languages and political unity. The Fremont and Anasazi Cultures overlapped in Utah and Colorado. A seventh culture, the Fremont Indians from the Great Basin settled primarily in Utah in 400 A.D. The Hopi live on the Three Mesas of Central Arizona. The Hohokam, Sinagua and Salado are often considered the same cultures living in different areas: the Hohokam central to southern Arizona the Salado in the Tonto Basin of southern Arizona Sinagua central Arizona to the Flagstaff area of northern Arizona. and 400 A.D., six Indian cultures settled in the american southwest: Anasazi, Mogollon, Hohokam, Salado, Sinagua, and Hopi (Lekson). This departure has long been one of the southwest’s great mysteries and has been the subject of intense research and speculation for generations.īetween 1650 B.C. By the year 1300, the Anasazi had abandoned the entire region, generally moving into the Rio Grande Valley of northern New Mexico. Carved in the desert rocks of New Mexico archaeologists also found symbols that indicate astronomy was an integral part of Anasazi society and that they spent hundreds of years watching and studying the sky. Forgotten on the hot mesas of the southwestern desert, remains of their stone cities and enigmatic causeways offer quiet testament to their innovation and determination. The Anasazi civilization flourished throughout the American southwest over 1,000 years ago, before vanishing into the annals of history.
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